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With the continuous development of globalization, energy demand is also growing, and the mode of relying on fossil energy to meet energy supply alone can not be sustainable
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At the same time, the pollution and emission problems caused by fossil energy consumption become more and more prominent, and the upgrading and transformation of traditional technology will gradually lead to the increase of its application cost
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In recent years, with the rising cost of conventional energy and increasingly serious environmental pollution, countries attach great importance to the R & D and application of renewable energy related technologies
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With the continuous improvement of PV module manufacturing process, the price of PV module has decreased significantly and has a downward trend
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Therefore, the application of renewable energy represented by solar photovoltaic power generation will occupy a core position in the future power energy system
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At present, more than 120 countries and regions in the world have put forward the goal of carbon neutrality
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Most of them will be realized in 2050, such as the European Union, the United Kingdom, Canada, Japan, New Zealand and South Africa
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US President Biden has made it clear that he will commit to carbon neutrality by 2050
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Some countries plan to achieve carbon neutrality earlier
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For example, Uruguay proposed to achieve carbon neutrality by 2030, Finland by 2035, Iceland and Austria by 2040, Sweden by 2045, Suriname and Bhutan have achieved carbon neutrality goals in 2014 and 2018 respectively, and entered the era of negative emissions
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China also recently announced that it will strive to reach the peak of carbon by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060
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Most of the countries that put forward the goal of carbon neutrality are policy announcements, but only a few countries put the goal into law, such as France, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Denmark, New Zealand, Hungary and so on
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Other countries and regions, such as the European Union, South Korea, Chile and Fiji, are in the process of carbon neutral legislation
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According to the Research Report of the United Nations Energy Agency, BIPV will become the hot spot of urban building energy saving market in the 21st century, and solar building will also become one of the most important emerging industries in the 21st century
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Large scale desert photovoltaic power station does not occupy a dominant position in photovoltaic power generation because of its large area
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In recent years, photovoltaic building integrated BIPV power generation has been paid more and more attention
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The diversified forms applied in commercial building curtain walls, residential buildings, schools, hospitals and so on are sought after, and will gradually become the mainstream of photovoltaic power generation in the future
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At present, it has become the consensus of all countries in the world to systematically integrate green intelligent power generation system in new buildings, which is also the trend of building development
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Building photovoltaic integration is an organism integrating the future urbanization building form and distributed photovoltaic energy system under the intensive concept, which can maximize the energy self circulation in the building and minimize the dependence on the external power system
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Therefore, building integrated photovoltaic power generation system (BIPV) will become the mainstream form of green intelligent buildings
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Today’s photovoltaic power generation technology, how to meet the needs of building development in the new era? 1
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To meet the requirements of architectural aesthetics, BIPV building can not only prevent direct sunlight and rain erosion, but also will not affect the appearance of the building, so as to achieve the perfect combination with the building and realize the idea of architectural masters
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2
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To meet the daylighting requirements of buildings, the double-sided glass module made of smooth ultra white tempered glass is adopted
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The crystalline silicon battery module can achieve specific light transmittance by adjusting the arrangement of battery pieces or using perforated silicon battery pieces
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The thin-film battery can be made into a variety of light transmittance modules by adjusting the light transmittance of battery pieces by means of marking
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Even in the sightseeing area of the building, it can meet the requirements of light permeability requirement
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3
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To meet the safety performance requirements of buildings, BIPV modules not only need to meet the performance requirements of photovoltaic modules, but also need to meet the three properties experimental requirements of curtain wall and the safety performance requirements of buildings
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Therefore, it needs higher mechanical properties and different structural methods than ordinary modules
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Because of the adoption of laminated glass, the safety of photovoltaic curtain wall is improved
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Cost analysis of photoelectric building and ordinary building: the difference between photoelectric building and ordinary building lies in the use of different building materials
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One is a green concept of building materials with power generation function, the other is ordinary building materials
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Both of them are building materials
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They can build houses, but the finished houses are different
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One is green building, the other is ordinary building
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The prices of the two buildings will not be the same
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From the perspective of construction cost (as shown in the figure below), the cost of photoelectric construction is dynamic
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With the extension of time, the cost depends on the income of power generation, which is getting lower and lower
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Even in the whole life cycle of construction, there is zero or even negative value, that is, the cost is zero or making money; while ordinary construction can only recover the cost by depreciation
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Therefore, photoelectric construction cost is the lowest
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Note: part of the content of this paper is arranged from the speech of Wang Zhidong, chief engineer of photoelectric building of China Construction Research Institute, and Liang Shulong, director of photovoltaic curtain wall design institute of building curtain wall design and Research Institute of Zhejiang Zhongnan Construction Group..
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