It can be seen that the thermal conductivity of damp insulation materials increases significantly, while the thermal insulation performance decreases greatly
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If internal insulation is adopted, the problem of thermal bridge is quite serious
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6 what mature technologies are there for external wall insulation? Exterior wall insulation technology can be divided into two categories: single material and composite exterior wall
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External wall external insulation system is a widely used technology
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Because air is a poor conductor of heat, these closed air plays a good role in heat preservation
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In addition, with the advantages of saving energy and improving the thermal environment, the total benefit is very significant
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Why are some top floor and end rooms cold in winter and hot in summer? Generally, the exposed area of the top floor room and end room is large, and the poor thermal insulation performance of the exposed roof and exterior wall is the main reason for the cold in winter and hot in summer
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(4) when the existing buildings are reconstructed with external insulation, the interference to residents can be greatly reduced
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The thermal efficiency of external insulation is high, does not occupy indoor space, is beneficial to the protection of the main structure, can prolong the service life of the house, and is suitable for the energy-saving transformation of existing houses
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8 how to strengthen building insulation? Strengthening building thermal insulation actually refers to improving the heat transfer resistance (or reducing the heat transfer coefficient) of the enclosure structure to make it meet the requirements of relevant current national standards and specifications.
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(4) paste low radiation coefficient materials (such as aluminum foil) on the inner surface of the roof (or ceiling) to reduce the radiation heat transfer between the inner surface of the roof and the human body
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(3) add light and efficient thermal insulation layer (such as plastering 20 ~ 30mm thick thermal insulation mortar) on the inner side of the outer wall, or brush white or light color paint on the outer surface of the outer wall
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In addition, there is also an aluminum foil thermal insulation material, which is made of aluminum foil bonded with kraft paper and combined with corrugated paper
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At the same time, due to its high internal surface temperature and large area, the radiation heat transfer with the human body is bound to be large, that is, if the indoor temperature is close to the general room, people will still feel very hot
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It is made by foaming reaction, with soft and stearic components
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In order to ensure the appropriate indoor thermal environment and reduce the heat transfer and heat loss of buildings, buildings need to strengthen thermal insulation
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Due to its strong heat storage capacity, it can avoid large fluctuations in room temperature
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The official account of the most comprehensive insulation system introduced in the original works of the public building energy-saving master is that friends can search in historical records to learn more about the insulation system
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Why do buildings need to strengthen thermal insulation? In buildings with thin enclosure structure (including roof, external windows, doors and windows, etc.) and insufficient thermal insulation, although the required indoor temperature can be maintained by relying on more heating capacity of heating equipment, the heating capacity must be greatly increased
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In the decoration, the internal insulation layer is easy to be damaged, and the external insulation can avoid this problem
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Although the cost of external insulation is higher than that of internal insulation, the cost per unit area can not be increased much as long as appropriate technology is adopted
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The higher the moisture content of the material, the more the thermal insulation performance decreases
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5 what are the benefits of external wall insulation? The wall with high-efficiency thermal insulation material placed outside the main structure of the external wall is called external thermal insulation composite external wall
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According to the composite method, it can be divided into three kinds: ⑴ internal thermal insulation method, stick thermal insulation board or wipe polystyrene particle rubber powder on the inner side of the outer wall
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⑶ for external insulation, add insulation measures outside the wall
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However, if the insulation material is affected by moisture, that is, moisture invades the interior of the insulation material, some of the air is replaced by moisture
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Single material, that is, a single product with good thermal insulation and thermal insulation performance indicators is used as wall material to meet the requirements of energy-saving standards
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In winter, the exposed roof and exterior wall increase the heat loss of the room and reduce the indoor temperature
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4 why must thermal insulation materials be moisture-proof? Thermal insulation materials are generally light and loose materials, which are porous, fibrous or powder, and contain a lot of static air inside
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(5) some residents need to redecorate their new houses
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The thermal insulation efficiency of these materials is mainly determined by the thermal conductivity of the materials (its index is thermal conductivity)
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At the same time, due to the low temperature and large area of the inner surface, the radiation heat exchange with the human body is also large
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⑵ sandwich insulation method: put insulation materials (polystyrene, rock wool, polyurethane, etc.) in the middle of the wall to form a sandwich cavity
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⑶ the main structure is on the indoor side
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(6) external insulation can achieve high economic benefits
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It can be set in multiple layers as a sandwich wall or roof, with light body, good moisture-proof, thermal insulation and thermal insulation performance
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⑵ it is conducive to eliminate or weaken the role of thermal bridge with excessive local heat transfer
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Such as aerated concrete block, ALC aerated concrete plate, etc
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Thermal bridge will produce heat loss, condensation and condensation, cause damage to buildings and affect service life
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However, the internal insulation method will form a “hot bridge” at the junction of internal and external walls and ring beams, resulting in condensation
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The advantages of this wall include: (1) the external thermal insulation material has a protective effect on the main structure
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However, due to the increase of the use area compared with the internal insulation, the cost per unit use area is actually reduced
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Polyurethane foam is divided into two types: polyether type and polyester type according to the raw materials used
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Polystyrene running plastic has two types: expansion type and extrusion type
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The outdoor climate conditions cause large temperature changes inside the wall, which occur in the external thermal insulation layer, so as to avoid large temperature changes in the internal main structure and prolong the service life of the main wall
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Once a problem occurs, the maintenance will have a great impact on the residents
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Composite wall, that is, composite thermal insulation materials on the structural wall
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3 what are the most commonly used thermal insulation materials in buildings? There are many kinds of thermal insulation materials used in buildings, among which the most commonly used thermal insulation materials are two kinds: inorganic thermal insulation materials include expanded perlite, aerated concrete, rock wool, glass wool, etc
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The thermal conductivity of water is more than 20 times greater than that of static air
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Moreover, the enclosure structure with insufficient thermal insulation is vulnerable to the influence of outdoor low temperature, resulting in low internal surface temperature, condensation, mildew and humidity, and deterioration of indoor thermal environment
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At this time, even if the indoor temperature remains normal, people will still feel cold
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organic thermal insulation materials include polystyrene foam plastics, polyurethane foam plastics and so on
Expanded polystyrene board is widely used because of its lightness and convenience; Extruded polystyrene has high strength and excellent weather resistance, and will have great development
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(2) 100 ~ 150mm thick aerated concrete block shall be laid on the waterproof layer of flat roof, or overhead insulation layer such as concrete sheet shall be laid, or white or light color coating shall be painted
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2 how to improve the problem of cold winter and hot summer in the top floor and end houses? As a user or resident of the house, the following methods can be adopted to transform the house to improve the problem of cold winter and hot summer: (1) plastic windows (also known as plastic steel windows) with good thermal insulation and air tightness can be used in combination with decoration, or hollow glass heat breaking aluminum alloy windows can be used to replace the original steel windows or wooden windows
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Therefore, thermal insulation materials must be kept dry to avoid moisture during transportation, storage and use
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If the water in it is frozen into ice, the thermal conductivity of ice is more than 80 times greater than that of static air
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It can also be made of PVC sheet aluminized and molded
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Paste polystyrene board or spray polyurethane on site
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In summer, the roof and exterior wall are affected by strong solar radiation and outdoor high temperature, and its internal surface temperature is bound to rise, which will increase the indoor temperature
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It has self extinguishing property after adding flame retardant
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